Pathogenic Helminths of Domestic Birds in Azerbaijan and their Potential Threat to Human Health

Abstract

Helminthiases constitute a widespread group of parasitic diseases affecting both domestic and wild birds and represent a significant constraint to poultry production by causing considerable economic losses. These parasites adversely affect the growth and development of birds, reduce productivity, and, in severe cases, may lead to mortality. The diverse geographical and climatic conditions of Azerbaijan provide favorable environments for the dissemination of helminths and their intermediate hosts. This review analyzes the principal pathogenic helminths recorded in domestic birds in Azerbaijan, their biological characteristics, distribution patterns, pathogenic effects on avian hosts, and their potential implications for human health.