EUROPEAN APPROACHES TO THE LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTH CARE: PROSPECTS FOR ADAPTATION IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The digital transformation of health care relies increasingly on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies — from the automated interpretation of medical images to the prediction of disease course and the personalization of treatment protocols. The integration of algorithms into clinical practice, however, inevitably brings legal challenges that call for a response. The European Union has developed the most advanced model to date, one that combines the protection of fundamental human rights with support for technological innovation. For Ukraine, which is actively rolling out its electronic health care system (eHealth), the study of these approaches is not merely a theoretical task but an applied one, since the absence of comprehensive AI regulation creates risks for patients and legal uncertainty for physicians and developers. The current European architecture for the legal regulation of AI rests on several interrelated instruments.